This appeal arises out of the conviction of appellant, Claude Dallas, for voluntary manslaughter following the fatal shooting of two Idaho Department of Fish and Game conservation officers in January of 1981. The events surrounding the shooting can be summarized as follows: On the evening of January 4, 1981, Ed Carlin, a trapper, telephoned Idaho conservation officer Bill Pogue to report finding illegal traps in the vicinity of the 45 Ranch in Owyhee County near the Idaho-Nevada border. Pogue indicated he would be out in a day or two to check the traps. When Carlin responded that a day or two would be too late, Pogue stated he would leave immediately. He then arranged for fellow officer Conley Elms to accompany him and the two men left Boise at approximately 12:00 a.m. that same evening. They arrived at the 45 Ranch early the following morning. Over breakfast at the Carlin residence, Pogue asked if there were any other trappers in the area. Carlin stated that, in addition to some Oregon trappers, there was a trapper named Claude Dallas camped at nearby Bull Camp. Don Carlin, Ed Carlin's son, further stated that on a recent visit to Dallas's camp he had observed several deer carcasses and two bobcat hides. (The seasons for hunting deer and trapping bobcats in Idaho had been closed for some time).
